“Over the last century, physicists have used light quanta, electrons, alpha particles, X-rays, gamma-rays, protons, neutrons and exotic sub-nuclear particles for this purpose [scattering experiments]. Much important information about the target atoms or nuclei or their assemblage has been obtained in this way. In witness of this importance one can point to the unusual concentration of scattering enthusiasts among earlier Nobel Laureate physicists. One could say that physicists just love to perform or interpret scattering experiments. ”
born: September 23, 1915 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
died: March 31, 2001 Medford, Massachusetts
American physicist who used to be corecipient of the 1994 Nobel Prize for Physics for his development of neutron-scattering techniques—in particular,neutron diffraction, a process that enabled scientists to better discover the atomic structure of matter. He shared the prize with Canadian physicist Bertram N. Brockhouse.In the technique of neutron diffraction, a beam of single-wavelength neutrons is handed during the subject matter under study. Neutrons hitting atoms of the target material are scattered right into a pattern that, when recorded on photographic film, yields details about the relative positions of atoms in the material. Shull used to be also one of the first to display magnetic diffraction, and he helped to improve instrumentation for the routine crystallographic analysis of neutrons. From 1955 until his retirement in 1986 he used to be a professor on the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.
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